Effect of Spectral LED Lights on Lettuce

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Research article “The effect of different spectral LED lights on the phenotypic and physiological characteristics of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) at picking stage” aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of different LED wavelengths on plant growth and development in a plant factory setting. The yield, quality characteristics, nutritional components, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant activity were measured in lettuce grown under different monochromatic LED lights to gain insight into the mechanisms by which LEDs affect lettuce quality and ultimately provide valuable information for producing lettuce in a plant factory setting. Light plays a crucial role in plant morphological and physiological processes. In this study, lettuce plants ( Lactuca sativa L .) were exposed to different spectral LED lights for 16 hd-1 photoperiods under the following eight treatments: white light (W, the control), monochromatic red light (R), monochromatic blue light (B), monochromatic green light (G), monochromatic yellow light (Y), monochromatic purple light (P) and a combination of R and B with R/B ratios of 9/1 and 4/1. Lettuce phenotype and some quality-related indices were significantly changed under different LED lights. The vitamin C content of lettuce was increased under most of the different light treatments, while the anthocyanin content was significantly increased only under G LED light treatment. In addition, R/B (4/1) increased soluble sugar and protein content and R and B combinations particularly R/B (4/1) improved phenotypic characteristics including plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight above ground, Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD). These results suggested R/B (4/1) could efficiently improve the lettuce quality which will provide valuable information for optimizing the conditions of lettuce production in the plant factory setting.

Light influences plant growth and development mainly via photo morphogenetic pigments. These include the red/far-red light-absorbing phytochromes and blue/UV light-absorbing pigments, which were decided by quality, quantity, direction and duration of light. Plants grown under optimal R and B combination tend to have the highest Pn and Chl concentrations, although the optimal R and B ratio varies among different plant species. In tomato, higher B:R ratios decreased tomato plant height under single-source electrical light. In this study, lettuce height was highest when grown under R light, followed by G and R/B (9/1 and 4/1) combinations; no difference was observed when grown under B, P and Y LED lights compared with the W LED.

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Nicola B
Editorial Manager
Journal of Biochemistry & Biotechnology
Email: biochembiotech@scholarlypub.com